SkillsBench research · view source on GitHub ↗

SkillsBench task/skill inventory (87 tasks)

Extracted from benchflow-ai/skillsbench@9a1f4dd — each task's task.md frontmatter and environment/skills/ directory.

Category breakdown

Category Tasks Notes
software-engineering 16 CVE fixes, build system upgrades, dependency audits, migration tasks. Each is essentially a code-modification task with a project-specific verifier.
industrial-physical-systems 14 Power-flow / grid dispatch, HVAC, aerospace flight planning, manufacturing scheduling. Heavy math + specialized libraries.
office-white-collar 14 Documents (docx/pptx/xlsx/pdf), spreadsheets, forms. This is the domain our current 4-skill seed package targets.
natural-science 14 Astrophysics, seismology, biology/protein, hydrology, chemistry. Domain-specific data formats + numerical methods.
finance-economics 9 Financial reports, tax forms, economic modelling. Some overlap with office-doc tasks; some heavy math.
mathematics-or-formal-reasoning 8 Lean4 proofs, planning (PDDL), MIP/optimization solvers, statistical analysis. Very-domain-specific tooling.
cybersecurity 7 PCAP analysis, Suricata rules, fuzzing setups, CVE triage. Each is task-specific-tool-heavy.
media-content-production 5 Video/audio processing, OCR, image editing, TTS. Media codec + ML libraries.

Coverage of our current seed skills (docx/pptx/xlsx/pdf)

21 tasks ship one or more of our 4 seed skills in their own environment/skills/. When BenchFlow mounts --skill-mode with-skill --skills-dir <ours>, it replaces the task's own set with ours. So on these tasks the optimization can plausibly matter; on the other 87−21 tasks the office-skill package is out-of-domain.

task office skills the task itself ships full shipped set
court-form-filling pdf pdf
exceltable-in-ppt pptx · xlsx pptx · xlsx
financial-modeling-qa pdf · xlsx pdf · xlsx
flink-query pdf pdf · senior-data-engineer
invoice-fraud-detection pdf · xlsx fuzzy-match · pdf · xlsx
jpg-ocr-stat pdf · xlsx image-ocr · openai-vision · pdf · video-frame-extraction · xlsx
latex-formula-extraction pdf marker · pdf
offer-letter-generator docx docx
organize-messy-files docx · pdf · pptx docx · file-organizer · pdf · planning-with-files · pptx
paper-anonymizer pdf academic-pdf-redaction · pdf
pdf-excel-diff pdf · xlsx pdf · xlsx
powerlifting-coef-calc xlsx powerlifting · senior-data-scientist · xlsx
pptx-reference-formatting pptx pptx
protein-expression-analysis xlsx xlsx
reserves-at-risk-calc xlsx xlsx
sales-pivot-analysis pdf · xlsx pdf · xlsx
shock-analysis-demand xlsx xlsx
shock-analysis-supply xlsx xlsx
simpo-code-reproduction pdf nlp-research-repo-package-installment · pdf
weighted-gdp-calc xlsx xlsx
xlsx-recover-data xlsx data-reconciliation · xlsx

All 87 tasks, grouped by category

For each task: difficulty — task_type — the skills the task's environment ships (which BenchFlow strips + replaces with the seed when running under --skill-mode with-skill).

software-engineering (16 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
azure-bgp-oscillation-route-leak medium detection, analysis azure-bgp
data-to-d3 medium implementation, generation d3-visualization
debug-trl-grpo hard debugging, repair grpo, rl-post-training, trl
dialogue-parser easy implementation, transformation dialogue-graph
fix-build-agentops easy repair, debugging analyze-ci, temporal-python-testing, testing-python, uv-package-manager
fix-build-google-auto easy repair, debugging maven-build-lifecycle, maven-dependency-management, maven-plugin-configuration
fix-visual-stability hard repair, debugging browser-testing, react-best-practices, web-interface-guidelines
flink-query hard implementation, analysis pdf, senior-data-engineer
jax-computing-basics medium implementation, calculation jax-skills
llm-prefix-cache-replay medium implementation, simulation cache-policy-comparison, prefix-cache-replay
parallel-tfidf-search medium implementation, optimization memory-optimization, python-parallelization, workload-balancing
python-scala-translation medium transformation, implementation python-scala-collections, python-scala-functional, python-scala-idioms, python-scala-libraries, python-scala-oop, python-scala-syntax-mapping
react-performance-debugging hard debugging, optimization browser-testing, react-best-practices
simpo-code-reproduction hard implementation nlp-research-repo-package-installment, pdf
spring-boot-jakarta-migration hard transformation hibernate-upgrade, jakarta-namespace, restclient-migration, spring-boot-migration, spring-security-6
tictoc-unnecessary-abort-detection hard detection, analysis transaction-concurrency-control-foundations, transaction-protocol-reasoning, transaction-trace-analysis

industrial-physical-systems (14 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
3d-scan-calc hard calculation, extraction mesh-analysis
ada-bathroom-plan-repair hard repair, extraction ada-plan-view-accessibility, architectural-dxf-extraction, geometric-layout-repair
adaptive-cruise-control medium implementation, simulation csv-processing, pid-controller, simulation-metrics, vehicle-dynamics, yaml-config
drone-planning-control medium implementation, simulation, optimization attitude-controller-planner, flight-plan-parser, motor-model-dynamics, plot-quadrotor, position-controller-trajectory-planner, stepinfo-3d
dynamic-object-aware-egomotion medium analysis, detection, classification dyn-object-masks, egomotion-estimation, output-validation, sampling-and-indexing
energy-ac-optimal-power-flow medium optimization, verification ac-branch-pi-model, casadi-ipopt-nlp, power-flow-data
energy-market-pricing hard optimization, analysis dc-power-flow, economic-dispatch, locational-marginal-prices, power-flow-data
energy-unit-commitment hard optimization, planning milp-solver-workflow, unit-commitment-data-modeling, unit-commitment-operating-rules
grid-dispatch-operator medium optimization, calculation dc-power-flow, economic-dispatch, power-flow-data
hvac-control medium implementation, simulation excitation-signal-design, first-order-model-fitting, imc-tuning-rules, safety-interlocks, scipy-curve-fit
manufacturing-codebook-normalization medium classification, transformation manufacturing-failure-reason-codebook-normalization, reference.md
manufacturing-equipment-maintenance medium analysis, calculation reference.md, reflow-machine-maintenance-guidance, reflow-profile-compliance-toolkit
manufacturing-fjsp-optimization medium optimization, planning fjsp-baseline-repair-with-downtime-and-policy, reference.md
r2r-mpc-control medium implementation, simulation finite-horizon-lqr, integral-action-design, mpc-horizon-tuning, state-space-linearization

office-white-collar (14 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
citation-check medium verification, search citation-management
court-form-filling easy extraction, generation pdf
edit-pdf medium transformation, formatting pdf-editing, text-parser
enterprise-information-search hard search, extraction enterprise-artifact-search
exceltable-in-ppt medium transformation, extraction pptx, xlsx
jpg-ocr-stat hard extraction, transformation image-ocr, openai-vision, pdf, video-frame-extraction, xlsx
latex-formula-extraction medium extraction, repair marker, pdf
offer-letter-generator easy generation, formatting docx
organize-messy-files medium classification docx, file-organizer, pdf, planning-with-files, pptx
paper-anonymizer medium transformation, detection academic-pdf-redaction, pdf
pdf-excel-diff medium extraction, analysis pdf, xlsx
powerlifting-coef-calc easy calculation, transformation powerlifting, senior-data-scientist, xlsx
pptx-reference-formatting medium formatting, transformation pptx
sales-pivot-analysis medium analysis, transformation pdf, xlsx

natural-science (14 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
crystallographic-wyckoff-position-analysis medium analysis, calculation pymatgen, sympy
earthquake-phase-association hard detection, analysis gamma-phase-associator, licenses, obspy-data-api, seisbench-model-api, seismic-picker-selection
earthquake-plate-calculation medium calculation, analysis geospatial-analysis
exoplanet-detection-period medium detection, analysis box-least-squares, exoplanet-workflows, light-curve-preprocessing, lomb-scargle-periodogram, transit-least-squares
flood-risk-analysis medium analysis, detection flood-detection, nws-flood-thresholds, usgs-data-download
glm-lake-mendota hard simulation, calculation glm-basics, glm-calibration, glm-output
gravitational-wave-detection medium detection, analysis conditioning, matched-filtering
lab-unit-harmonization medium transformation lab-unit-harmonization
lake-warming-attribution medium analysis, calculation contribution-analysis, meteorology-driver-classification, pca-decomposition, trend-analysis
mars-clouds-clustering hard optimization, classification custom-distance-metrics, parallel-processing, pareto-optimization
protein-expression-analysis medium analysis, calculation xlsx
quantum-numerical-simulation medium simulation, calculation qutip
radar-vital-signs medium extraction, calculation radar-signal-processing, radar-vital-signs, vital-sign-extraction
seismic-phase-picking hard detection, classification licenses, obspy-data-api, obspy-datacenter-client, seisbench-model-api, seismic-picker-selection

finance-economics (9 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
econ-detrending-correlation medium calculation, analysis timeseries-detrending
financial-modeling-qa hard analysis, extraction pdf, xlsx
invoice-fraud-detection hard detection, verification fuzzy-match, pdf, xlsx
reserves-at-risk-calc medium calculation, analysis xlsx
sec-financial-report hard search, analysis 13f-analyzer, fuzzy-name-search
shock-analysis-demand medium calculation, analysis xlsx
shock-analysis-supply hard calculation, analysis xlsx
weighted-gdp-calc medium calculation xlsx
xlsx-recover-data medium analysis, calculation data-reconciliation, xlsx

mathematics-or-formal-reasoning (8 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
bike-rebalance medium optimization, planning geospatial-routing-data, logistics-rules-to-optimization, routing-subtour-elimination, scip-opt
civ6-adjacency-optimizer hard optimization, planning civ6lib, hex-grid-spatial, map-optimization-strategy, sqlite-map-parser
exam-block-sequencing hard optimization, planning mip-solver-and-solution-audit, ordered-window-sequencing-mip
lean4-proof medium verification, implementation INSTALLATION.md, LICENSE, README.md, TESTING.md, lean4-memories, lean4-theorem-proving
paratransit-routing hard optimization, planning ortools-pickup-delivery-routing, ortools-routing-modeling
pddl-airport-planning medium planning pddl-skills
pddl-tpp-planning medium planning, generation pddl-skills
travel-planning medium planning, search search-accommodations, search-attractions, search-cities, search-driving-distance, search-flights, search-restaurants

cybersecurity (7 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
dapt-intrusion-detection hard analysis, detection, calculation pcap-analysis, threat-detection
fix-druid-loophole-cve hard repair jackson-security, senior-java
fix-erlang-ssh-cve hard repair, debugging erlang-concurrency, erlang-distribution, erlang-otp-behaviors, find-bugs, senior-security, ssh-penetration-testing
setup-fuzzing-py medium implementation, verification discover-important-function, fuzzing-python, setup-env
software-dependency-audit medium detection, analysis cvss-score-extraction, trivy-offline-vulnerability-scanning, vulnerability-csv-reporting
suricata-custom-exfil medium detection, implementation pcap-triage-tshark, suricata-offline-evejson, suricata-rules-basics
syzkaller-ppdev-syzlang medium implementation syz-extract-constants, syzkaller-build-loop, syzlang-ioctl-basics

media-content-production (5 tasks)

Task Difficulty Task type Shipped skills
mario-coin-counting medium detection, transformation ffmpeg-keyframe-extraction, image-editing, object-counter
multilingual-video-dubbing medium generation, transformation ffmpeg-audio-processing, ffmpeg-format-conversion, ffmpeg-media-info, ffmpeg-video-editing, ffmpeg-video-filters, text-to-speech
threejs-structure-parser medium extraction, transformation obj-exporter, threejs
threejs-to-obj medium transformation obj-exporter, threejs
video-silence-remover hard detection, transformation audio-extractor, energy-calculator, pause-detector, report-generator, segment-combiner, silence-detector, video-processor

Skill-type (methodological) index

Every task classifies itself by one or more skill_type tags. These describe the kind of skill needed, independent of domain:

skill_type # tasks example tasks
domain-procedure 58 ada-bathroom-plan-repair, adaptive-cruise-control, azure-bgp-oscillation-route-leak…
library-api-usage 31 crystallographic-wyckoff-position-analysis, dapt-intrusion-detection, data-to-d3…
mathematical-method 30 3d-scan-calc, adaptive-cruise-control, bike-rebalance…
tool-workflow 20 citation-check, data-to-d3, edit-pdf…
file-format-knowledge 17 3d-scan-calc, ada-bathroom-plan-repair, court-form-filling…
debugging-heuristic 8 debug-trl-grpo, fix-build-agentops, fix-build-google-auto…
data-cleaning-procedure 6 flood-risk-analysis, invoice-fraud-detection, lab-unit-harmonization…
evaluation-protocol 3 llm-prefix-cache-replay, manufacturing-equipment-maintenance, setup-fuzzing-py

Implications for a task-by-task optimization strategy

Two very different setups:

current (whole-suite) task-by-task (EvoSkills-style)
optimizer target one shared 4-skill package (docx/pptx/xlsx/pdf) one skill per task, seeded from the task's own environment/skills/
optimization signal average reward across N tasks × 3 trials reward on the single task × 3 trials
gate paired-SE across N tasks per-task variance across trials
cost per iter N × 3 rollouts 1 × 3 rollouts (~1/N cheaper per iter)
interpretation "can generalist office skills help these tasks?" "can we make each task's own skill better?"
out-of-domain risk high (77 tasks don't need office skills) low (each optimization sees its own task's tools)
paper analog cap-evolve's original design EvoSkills 71.1% headline

Concrete implications:

  1. Skill seed changes per task. For task-by-task, the seed_capability must vary. Adapter's run_batch would run each task with its own skill package as seed. Simplest: for each task, copy environment/skills/* into a per-task seed dir at intake time.

  2. Optimizer prompt changes. Currently the optimizer sees N tasks' results and proposes edits to the shared package. For per-task, the optimizer sees just 1 task's results and edits just that task's skill set. Much narrower context; probably faster (fewer tokens) and more focused.

  3. Budget scales differently. Full-suite: 43 tasks × 3 trials × 7 iter = 903 rollouts + 7 optimizer calls. Task-by-task: 43 tasks × 3 trials × 7 iter = same 903 rollouts but 43 × 7 = 301 optimizer calls (each smaller). Optimizer $ likely goes up; runner $ same.

  4. Comparison with paper. EvoSkills reports 71.1% on all 87 tasks with per-task optimization. Our 43-task subset baseline was 13.95%; best-so-far (after 2 accepted whole-suite iterations) 17.05%. Per-task-EvoSkills-style optimization on our runnable subset would be the direct comparison.

  5. Cap-evolve doesn't natively do this. Cap-evolve is designed for one shared skill package. A task-by-task run would either (a) launch 43 separate cap-evolve runs (one per task, each with its own project dir + seed + spec), or (b) require an adapter/algorithm change so cap-evolve loops over tasks within its own iteration structure.

  6. The per-task seed does NOT pin the skill vocabulary — verify this per run. The "low out-of-domain risk" claim in the table above assumes each optimization stays within its task's own skills. It isn't enforced: skill-package/scripts/abstract.py discovers sub-packages from disk and permits add, so the optimizer can append a brand-new skill mid-run. Observed on energy-ac-optimal-power-flow, where an invented fuzzy-match/ skill became the accepted champion and the final scored result came out 0.4 → 0.0 — see evidence/energy-ac-optimal-power-flow-vocabulary-violation/, which also documents a second near-miss on simpo-code-reproduction and the mislabelled-trial defect behind the *_CORRUPTED_batch3 runs.